Acne Scars

Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac. 2009 Apr 27; Ricard AS, Laurentjoye M, Faucher A, Zwetyenga N, Siberchicot F, Majoufre-Lefebvre CINTRODUCTION: The infrahyoid myocutaneous flap was described by Wang et al. in 1986. The horizontal design of the skin paddle is a modification of this technique allowing for a smaller scar. We have been systematically using this modified technique for 10 years. We had for aim to describe the interest of the horizontal infrahyoid myocutaneous flap for cervicofacial carcinology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A horizontal infrahyoid myocutaneous flap procedure was performed in 276 cervicofacial carcinology patients for lesions of the mouth floor, the mandibular gum, the oropharynx and the tongue between March 1997 and March 2007. RESULTS: No complications were observed in 252 patients. No patient presented with total flap necrosis. DISCUSSION: Modifying the infrahyoid myocutaneous flap technique with a horizontal design of the skin paddle does not modify the reliability of the flap and prevents more extensive scars. The main indications of this technique are defects of the mouth floor, the tongue and the oropharynx.

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Apr; 1160: 278-84Du XJ, Xu Q, Lekgabe E, Gao XM, Kiriazis H, Moore XL, Dart AM, Tregear GW, Bathgate RA, Samuel CSAs a hallmark of heart disease, cardiac fibrosis contributes to the development of heart failure and arrhythmias and forms a key therapeutic target. There is a major unmet need for selective, potent, and safe antifibrotic drugs. Earlier studies revealed a cardiac fibrosis phenotype in relaxin-1-deficient mice. Recent studies in several rodent models of cardiac fibrosis have documented reversal of fibrosis by treatment with relaxin peptide or virally mediated relaxin gene delivery. In mice with surgically induced transmural myocardial infarction, relaxin therapy inhibited scar density. In these studies, however, functional benefits achieved by relaxin therapy were limited or less explored. Collectively, there is good experimental evidence that relaxin is able to reverse cardiac fibrosis due to distinct mechanisms. Future research needs to explore functional improvement following fibrosis reversal by relaxin and the usefulness of relaxin in antiarrhythmic or stem cell-based therapy.

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Apr; 1160: 269-77Bani D, Nistri S, Formigli L, Meacci E, Francini F, Zecchi-Orlandini SStem cell transplantation is a promising approach for treatment of the postinfarcted heart and prevention of deleterious cardiac remodeling and heart failure. We explored this issue by transplanting mouse C2C12 myoblasts, genetically engineered to express enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) or eGFP and relaxin (eGFP/RLX), into swine with chronic myocardial infarction. One month later, C2C12 myoblasts selectively settled in the ischemic scar around blood vessels, showing an activated endothelium (ICAM-1 and VCAM positive). Although unable to differentiate to a muscle phenotype, these cells induced extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling by matrix metalloprotease secretion and increased microvessel density by vascular endothelial growth factor expression. C2C12/RLX myoblasts gave better results than C2C12/GFP. By echocardiography, C2C12-engrafted swine, especially those that received C2C12/RLX, showed better heart contractility than the untreated controls. Hence, the advantage afforded by the grafted myoblasts on cardiac function is primarily dependent on their paracrine effects on ECM remodeling and vascularization.

Gynecol Obstet Fertil. 2009 Apr 30; Grosdemouge I, Engrand JB, Dhainault C, Marchand F, Martigny H, Thevenot J, Villefranque V, Lopes P, Panel POBJECTIVES: Law no. 2001-588 of 4 July 2001 liberalised the practice of tubal sterilisation in France, at the same time as a new hysteroscopic method of female sterilization appeared. The growth of this method has been spurred by the reduced need for analgesia, absence of incision and scar, reduced duration of hospitalization and diminution of costs. The aim of this study was to analyse the use of the Essure((R)) procedure in France. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This multicentre study covered seven French facilities from January 2004 through June 2006. This study included 1061 attempted placements of the Essure((R)) micro-insert, marketed by Conceptus SAS (France). RESULTS: The first placement attempt was successful in 992 cases (94.4%). The success rate for second attempts was 59% (n=23). Mean VAS was 3,23+/-0.19. Ninety-three percent of patients undergoing Essure((R)) placement were satisfied or very satisfied. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Tubal sterilisation with Essure((R)) micro-inserts is a reliable and reproducible method that requires a short period of training. In the future, the hysteroscopic pathway will replace the laparoscopic route.

J Endod. 2009 May; 35(5): 634-42Schulz M, von Arx T, Altermatt HJ, Bosshardt DThe aim of this was to evaluate the histology of periapical lesions in teeth treated with periapical surgery. After root-end resection, the root tip was removed together with the periapical pathological tissue. Histologic sectioning was performed on calcified specimens embedded in methylmethacrylate (MMA) and on demineralized specimens embedded in LR White (Fluka, Buchs, Switzerland). The samples were evaluated with light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The histologic findings were classified into periapical abscesses, granulomas, or cystic lesions (true or pocket cysts). The final material comprised 70% granulomas, 23% cysts and 5% abscesses, 1% scar tissues, and 1% keratocysts. Six of 125 samples could not be used. The cystic lesions could not be subdivided into pocket or true cysts. All cysts had an epithelium-lined cavity, two of them with cilia-lined epithelium. These results show the high incidence of periapical granulomas among periapical lesions obtained during apical surgery. Periapical abscesses were a rare occasion. The histologic findings from samples obtained during apical surgery may differ from findings obtained by teeth extractions. A determination between pocket and true apical cysts is hardly possible when collecting samples by apical surgery.